Persian calendar converter: Shamsi to Miladi and back
This free Persian calendar converter changes a Gregorian (Miladi, “English”) date into the Persian Solar Hijri date — also called Shamsi or Jalali — and a Persian date back into the Gregorian calendar. Type in either box and the other updates at once, with the date in Persian script and digits, the weekday, a month calendar starting on Saturday and the main cultural dates of the year.
The Solar Hijri calendar is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. It starts each year at Nowruz, the March equinox, so it follows the seasons exactly. This tool works out the equinox itself and applies Iran’s official rule, and its results match the leap-year table published by the University of Tehran’s Calendar Center. You can switch the month names to the Afghan Dari names (Hamal, Sawr …).
How to use the Persian Calendar Converter
- To convert to Persian, pick a date in Gregorian (Miladi) date, or press Today for today’s Persian date.
- To convert Persian to Miladi, enter the Day, Month and Year (SH).
- Choose Month names: Iranian or Afghan Dari.
- Read the result, the weekday, the day of the year and whether the year is a leap year; the line below gives the date of Nowruz and the moment of the equinox in Iran time.
- Press Copy result to paste the date elsewhere.
Persian Calendar Converter features
Both directions
Shamsi to Miladi and Miladi to Shamsi in linked boxes, for 1179–1529 SH (1800–2151).
Official leap years
Leap years come from the astronomical equinox, not a fixed cycle, and agree with the official table for 1206–1498 SH.
Nowruz and the equinox
The Gregorian date of Nowruz and the equinox moment (sal tahvil) in Iran time for every year.
Persian script and digits
The date as Iranians write it, e.g. دوشنبه ۲۷ مهر ۱۴۰۵, and a month calendar with Saturday first.
Afghan month names
Hamal, Sawr, Jawza … for the same calendar as used in Afghanistan.
How the Persian (Solar Hijri) calendar works
The year begins on the day of the March (vernal) equinox. If the equinox happens before noon Iran Standard Time (UTC+3:30, the 52.5° E meridian), that day is 1 Farvardin; if it happens after noon, Nowruz is the next day. The first six months have 31 days, the next five 30, and Esfand 29 days — or 30 in a leap year, when the next equinox rule gives a 366-day year. Years are counted from the Hijra of 622; Solar Hijri 1405 began on 21 March 2026.
Leap years usually come every four years, sometimes after five. Simple 33-year formulas copy this pattern but drift: some software showed Nowruz 1404 a day early. In 1404 the equinox came at 12:31 Iran time on 20 March 2025, just after noon, so 1 Farvardin 1404 was 21 March 2025 and 1403 had 30 days in Esfand.
| Year (SH) | Nowruz (1 Farvardin) | Equinox, Iran time | Leap year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1403 | Wed 20 Mar 2024 | 20 Mar 2024, 06:36 | Yes (30 Esfand) |
| 1404 | Fri 21 Mar 2025 | 20 Mar 2025, 12:31 | No |
| 1405 | Sat 21 Mar 2026 | 20 Mar 2026, 18:15 | No |
| 1406 | Sun 21 Mar 2027 | 20 Mar 2027, 23:54 | No |
| 1408 | Tue 20 Mar 2029 | 20 Mar 2029, 11:31 | Yes |
How the conversion was checked
The equinox is computed with Jean Meeus’ Astronomical Algorithms (chapter 27, about one minute of accuracy) and the NASA Espenak–Meeus ΔT formulas. On 19 October 2026 the results were compared with the leap-year table of the Calendar Center of the University of Tehran’s Institute of Geophysics, which lists 1206 to 1498 SH: every leap year and every equinox date agree. The automatic test repeats that comparison, converts every day of the range there and back, and compares with your browser’s built-in Persian calendar.
Iran’s Islamic holidays (such as Eid al-Fitr) follow the lunar calendar — use the Hijri date converter for those. The Chinese lunar calendar converter and the day of the week calculator may also help.
Persian Calendar Converter FAQ
How do I convert a Persian date to Miladi (English)?
Enter the day, month and Solar Hijri year in the Persian box. The Gregorian date and weekday appear at once.
What is today’s Persian date?
Press Today. The converter shows today’s Shamsi date in English and in Persian script and digits.
Is 1403 a leap year?
Yes. Esfand 1403 had 30 days, and 1404 began on 21 March 2025. The next leap year is 1408.
Why is Nowruz on 20 March in some years and 21 March in others?
Nowruz is the day of the equinox when it falls before noon Iran time, otherwise the next day. The equinox moves about six hours later each year and jumps back after a leap year.
Is the Persian calendar converter accurate?
It agrees with the official University of Tehran table for every year from 1206 to 1498 SH. Outside that range the same astronomical rule is used.
Does Afghanistan use the same calendar?
Afghanistan uses the Solar Hijri calendar with different month names (Hamal, Sawr …); choose Afghan Dari names. The dates are calculated with Iran’s rule.